Aeromodelling is a fascinating hobby that involves building, customising and flying small model aircraft. Among the many crucial components that determine success and enjoyment in this hobby, batteries play a key role. Two of the most common options for batteries in model aircraft and drone are lithium-polymer (LiPo) and the new lithium iron phosphate (LiFe or LiFePO4) batteries. In this article, we will explore the characteristics of both types of batteries, highlighting their advantages and the situations in which they are most suitable for use in model aircraft.
LiPo Batteries: The Traditional Choice
Lithium-polymer batteries, also known as LiPo batteries, have dominated the world of aeromodelling for many years. These batteries are prized for their high energy density and exceptional power-to-weight ratio, making them ideal for high-performance model aircraft. Here are some of the main features of LiPo batteries:
High Energy Density
LiPo (lithium polymer) batteries are widely renowned for their exceptional energy density, a characteristic that distinguishes them from other battery variants. This is of paramount importance in the context of aeromodelling, as it allows a considerable amount of energy to be stored in a relatively compact space. This fundamental advantage opens up a world of possibilities for model aircraft enthusiasts, as it allows model aircraft to extend their flights significantly without having to deal with the problem of excessive weights that could adversely affect performance and agility in the air.
The high energy density of LiPo batteries results in an excellent power-to-weight ratio, which is vital for model aircraft, especially those aiming for high performance. These batteries can store energy so efficiently that they allow model aircraft to make the most of every drop of charge, translating this energy into spectacular stunts, high-speed flights or simply extended flight sessions exploring vast airspaces.
In addition, the exceptional power-to-weight ratio of LiPo batteries is what allows aeromodellers to experience superior manoeuvrability. The light weight of these batteries reduces the overall weight of the aircraft, making it easier to respond to commands and manoeuvre nimbly in the air. Model aircraft powered by LiPo batteries can turn, roll and manoeuvre with extraordinary precision, taking the flying experience to new levels of excitement and control.
Ultimately, LiPo batteries have become a mainstay in aeromodelling due to their extraordinary energy density and powerful power-to-weight ratio. These vital components allow aeromodellers to extend the limits of flight and explore new horizons in the skies, making this technology an indispensable element for those seeking to capture the magic of miniature flight.
High discharge
A key distinguishing feature of LiPo (lithium polymer) batteries in model aircraft and drone is their ability to deliver an extremely high discharge current. This characteristic makes them an optimal choice for high-performance model aircraft that require sudden power surges to perform complex and advanced aerobatic manoeuvres. This remarkable rapid discharge capability is a real magic key in the world of model aircraft and drone, opening the door to a universe of possibilities in the sky.
Model aircraft, particularly high-performance ones, for example on FPV drone, often require immediate bursts of power to perform manoeuvres such as loops, rolls, vertical pitch flights and other breathtaking aerobatics. LiPo batteries are prized for their ability to instantly deliver the amount of power required to perform such manoeuvres with precision and safety. This ability to reliably deliver high discharge currents makes it possible to achieve extraordinary thrust in short bursts, enabling aeromodellers to take their model aircraft to the limits of performance.
The versatility of LiPo batteries is reflected in their ability to adapt to the needs of pilots. These batteries allow the power to be adjusted according to the needs of the flight, making it possible to quickly switch from a relaxed cruise to lightning-fast acceleration or an abrupt change of direction. This not only gives model airplane pilots a wide range of options for creating customised flights, but also equips them with the tools to reach new heights in terms of aerobatics.
Moreover, this ability to deliver instant power has a profound resonance for experienced aeromodellers seeking to master advanced aerobatic manoeuvres. Model aircraft powered by LiPo batteries can perform rapid direction changes, rotations and reversals with extraordinary smoothness. The constant and reliable discharge current allows pilots to perform aerobatic manoeuvres with near-millimetre precision, creating spectacular choreographies in the sky that fascinate all who watch.
In summary, the ability to deliver an extremely high discharge current of LiPo batteries is one of the most remarkable aspects that make them the preferred choice for high-performance aircraft. These batteries are capable of fuelling aerobatic potential and flight versatility, allowing model aircraft builders to express their creativity in the sky and embark on exciting aerial adventures. Their ability to respond promptly and accurately to pilot demands provides a significant advantage in the pursuit of perfection in aerial manoeuvres, taking aeromodelling to a new level of excellence and spectacle.
Lightness
LiPo batteries are lightweight, which is an obvious advantage for model aircraft. By reducing the total weight of the model aircraft, its efficiency and agility during flight can be improved.
Wide Voltage Variation
One of the hallmarks of lithium-polymer batteries, known as LiPo batteries, is their incredible versatility. These batteries are available in a very wide range of voltages and capacities, which allows aeromodellers to adapt them to a wide range of model aircraft applications. This diversity of options is like an artist’s palette, allowing pilots to precisely select the ideal voltage and capacity combination to meet the specific needs of their project or model aircraft.
Firstly, LiPo batteries are offered in various voltages, which can be selected according to the power requirements of your aircraft. These voltages range from 3.7 V (a single cell) up to 22.2 V or more, depending on the application. A higher voltage offers more power and speed, which is particularly advantageous for high-performance aircraft that require lightning-fast acceleration and impressive speed. On the other hand, a lower voltage is suitable for model aircraft requiring slower flight and greater stability.
In addition to voltages, LiPo batteries are available in a wide range of capacities, which measures the amount of energy they can store. These capacities range from a few hundred milliampere hours (mAh) to several thousand mAh. A higher capacity results in a longer flight duration, which is advantageous for endurance flights or aerial exploration missions. However, a higher capacity can result in additional weight, so it is important to strike a balance between durability and weight.
The possibility of combining different voltages and capacities allows model aircraft pilots to select exactly the LiPo battery that best suits the specific needs of their aircraft and their flying style. For example, a pilot who enjoys aerobatic flights might opt for a high-voltage LiPo battery for quick power peaks and impressive manoeuvres. On the other hand, an aeromodeller who prefers relaxed and scenic flights might choose a LiPo battery with a high capacity to extend flight duration and capture longer aerial images.
In addition, this range of options allows aeromodellers to adapt to specific flight conditions. For example, in windy or high-altitude conditions, a different type of battery may be required to achieve the desired performance. The ability to customise the battery to specific flight requirements is one of the reasons why LiPo batteries are so popular in aeromodelling. Each pilot can experiment and adapt their battery choice to achieve the desired flight experience.
In conclusion, the wide range of voltages and capacities available in LiPo batteries makes them an incredibly flexible choice in aeromodelling. This flexibility allows aeromodellers to customise their power system to perfectly suit the specific needs of their model aircraft and flying style. Being able to find the ideal combination of voltage and capacity is a key aspect in achieving optimum performance and maximising the fun in aeromodelling.
Despite all these advantages, LiPo batteries have some important limitations. First of all, they are sensitive to environmental conditions and require special care to avoid damage. Their high energy density makes them more susceptible to fire in the event of short circuits or overloads. Therefore, they must be treated with care and specific protective devices must be used to ensure safety.
In addition, LiPo batteries require constant maintenance. They must be stored at a safe voltage, avoiding both overcharging and undercharging. Their useful life is limited to a number of charge/discharge cycles, and if they are not handled correctly, this useful life will be quickly reduced.
Further reading: 4s Battery VS 6s Battery for Your Racing Drone
LiFe Batteries (LiFePO4): The New Alternative
In recent years, a new alternative has made its way into aeromodelling, bringing with it a number of significant advantages and some key differences compared to LiPo batteries. Lithium iron phosphate (LiFe or LiFePO4) batteries are becoming increasingly popular among aeromodellers for a number of reasons. Let’s take a look at some of their main features:
Improved safety
One of the main differences between LiFe and LiPo batteries is their inherent safety. LiFe batteries are less susceptible to fires and explosions than LiPo. This makes them a safer choice, especially for beginners or those who want to avoid unnecessary risks.
Longer Service Life
LiFe batteries generally have a longer service life than LiPo batteries. They can withstand more charge/discharge cycles without degrading significantly, making them an economical choice in the long term.
Thermal stability
LiFe batteries have better thermal stability than LiPo, which means they can withstand extreme temperatures without being damaged. This is especially useful for aeromodellers operating in variable weather conditions.
Stable Output Voltage
LiFe batteries produce a more stable output voltage than LiPo, which can be advantageous for model aircraft that require a constant voltage for optimal operation.
Greater Resistance to Under-Charging
LiFe batteries can withstand a deeper under-charge than LiPo without being damaged. This means you can use them more safely without worrying about fully discharging them.
Choosing Between LiPo and LiFe: What to Consider
The choice between LiPo and LiFe batteries depends on a number of factors, including the type of aircraft you use, your flying style, personal preference and experience level. Here are some considerations to keep in mind:
Type of aircraft
High-performance aircraft, such as competition or high-wing aircraft, can benefit from LiPo batteries because of their high energy density. On the other hand, training aircraft or those requiring higher thermal stability may benefit from LiFe batteries.
Flying Style
If you like to perform high-speed stunts or high-power flights, LiPo batteries may be the best choice. However, if you prefer quieter and safer flying, LiFe batteries may be more suitable.
Experience Level
LiPo batteries require more careful handling, so if you are a beginner, you may want to start with LiFe batteries for greater safety. Once you gain more experience, you can switch to LiPo if you wish.
Environmental Conditions
If you are flying in extreme weather conditions or in locations with significant temperature variations, LiFe batteries may offer greater stability.
Budget
LiFe batteries may cost slightly more than LiPo initially, but their lower cost in the long run due to their longer life can make a difference for some model airplanes.
Conclusion
The choice between LiPo and LiFe (LiFePO4) batteries in aeromodelling is influenced by a number of factors, including the type of aircraft, flying style, experience level and personal preference. Both options have distinct advantages, and the final decision should be based on your specific needs.
LiPo batteries offer high energy density and are ideal for high-performance aircraft that require power and light weight. However, they require special attention to handling and safety.
LiFe (LiFePO4) batteries are a safer choice, with a longer service life and better thermal stability. They are particularly suitable for training aircraft and quieter flights.
Regardless of your choice, always remember to follow best practices for battery management, including proper maintenance and safety during use. By keeping your batteries in good condition, you’ll be able to enjoy your model aircraft and make the most of your hobby.
Write by volarelettrico.it